Effects of Transformational and Democratic Leadership on Teacher Performance
Keywords:
transformational leadership, democratic leadership, teacher performance, educational management, school leadershipAbstract
This study examines the influence of transformational and democratic leadership styles on teacher performance at SMPN 1 Talang Padang. Utilizing a quantitative research approach, data were collected from 56 junior high school teachers using validated questionnaires and documentation. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that both transformational and democratic leadership styles have significant and positive effects on teacher performance, with transformational leadership showing a slightly greater impact. The findings demonstrate that principals who inspire, motivate, and engage teachers in decision-making foster a collaborative and innovative work environment. These leadership styles not only enhance teacher motivation, creativity, and initiative but also strengthen organizational commitment and professional growth. The results reinforce the importance of integrating visionary and participatory dimensions into leadership development programs for school principals. While this study contributes valuable insights, it is limited by its focus on a single school and the exclusion of other influential variables such as job satisfaction and professional development. Future research should expand the scope by including diverse educational settings and additional factors to gain a more comprehensive understanding of determinants of teacher performance. Overall, this study affirms that a balanced approach combining transformational and democratic leadership is crucial for advancing teacher performance and improving educational outcomes.
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