Evaluation of The Implementation of Differentiation Learning at Pringsewu District Preschool for Preschool
Keywords:
Drive School, CIPP Evaluation, DifferentiateAbstract
This study evaluates the implementation of differentiated learning in early childhood education (ECE) schools in Pringsewu District using the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) evaluation model. The research subjects include the second generation of formal ECE institutions: TK Aisyah Gading Rejo, TK Islamiyah Pean, and TK Yasmida 3. A descriptive qualitative method was employed, utilizing interviews, observations, and documentation for data collection, with data analysis conducted through triangulation. The findings indicate that differentiated learning has been effectively implemented. The contextual factors supporting this include the school environment, administrative staff support, and the diverse characteristics of children. Input factors comprise an appropriate curriculum, adequate resources, learning materials tailored to student needs, and teachers’ competencies in planning differentiated instruction. The learning process involves the application of strategies aligned with students’ readiness, interests, and learning profiles. The outcomes, or product, of the implementation include improved understanding of subject matter, enhanced critical thinking skills, increased learning motivation, greater self-confidence, and active student participation. The study recommends that school principals organize teacher training programs, establish school-based learning communities, and conduct regular monitoring and evaluation to ensure the sustained effectiveness of differentiated learning practices. The implications highlight the importance of contextual alignment with the school curriculum and the collective commitment of stakeholders to create an enjoyable and meaningful learning environment supported by adequate infrastructure.
Downloads
References
Alnahdi, G. H. (2020). The use of differentiated instruction in inclusive classrooms: A review of literature. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 24(6), 594–606. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2018.1503800
Avalos, B. (2016). Teacher professional development in Teaching and Teacher Education over ten years. Teaching and Teacher Education, 63, 10–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2016.01.002
Bråten, I. (2022). The Handbook of Metacognition in Education. Routledge.
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. SAGE Publications.
Darling-Hammond, L., Hyler, M. E., & Gardner, M. (2017). Effective teacher professional development. Palo Alto: Learning Policy Institute. https://learningpolicyinstitute.org/product/effective-teacher-professional-development-report
Deunk, M. I., Smale-Jacobse, A. E., de Boer, H., Doolaard, S., & Bosker, R. J. (2018). Differentiation within primary school classrooms: A systematic review of research evidence on effective practices. Educational Research Review, 24, 31–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2018.02.002
Epstein, J. L. (2018). School, Family, and Community Partnerships: Your Handbook for Action. Corwin Press.
Florian, L., & Black-Hawkins, K. (2019). Whatever happened to inclusive education? Educational Review, 71(4), 424–437. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2019.1664201
Fredricks, J. A., & Wang, M.-T. (2021). Student engagement, context, and adjustment: Addressing definitional, measurement, and methodological issues. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 66, 101971. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2021.101971
Garet, M. S., Porter, A. C., Desimone, L., Birman, B. F., & Yoon, K. S. (2016). What makes professional development effective? Results from a national sample of teachers. American Educational Research Journal, 53(4), 914–945. https://doi.org/10.3102/0002831216667476
Goodall, J., & Montgomery, C. (2014). Parental involvement to parental engagement: A continuum. Educational Review, 66(4), 399–410. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2013.781576
Guskey, T. R. (2020). Evidence-based professional learning. Educational Leadership, 77(8), 18–22.
Hamre, B. K., & Pianta, R. C. (2021). Early teacher–child relationships and the trajectory of children’s school outcomes. Child Development Perspectives, 15(1), 10–16. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdep.12385
Harris, A., & Jones, M. (2017). Leading professional learning communities. School Leadership & Management, 37(5), 471–489. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632434.2017.1346975
Hockett, J. A., & Doubet, K. M. (2021). Differentiation in action: Strategies and insights from classrooms. The Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues and Ideas, 94(4), 155–162. https://doi.org/10.1080/00098655.2021.1925377
Kennedy, M. M. (2019). How we learn about teacher learning. Review of Educational Research, 89(3), 488–531. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654319848584
Mapp, K. L., & Bergman, E. L. (2021). Powerful Partnerships: A Teacher’s Guide to Engaging Families for Student Success. The Education Digest, 86(9), 32–37.
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook. SAGE Publications.
OECD. (2020). OECD Future of Education and Skills 2030: Curriculum Analysis. OECD Publishing. https://www.oecd.org/education/2030-project/
Opfer, V. D., & Pedder, D. (2019). Conceptualizing teacher professional learning. Review of Educational Research, 89(3), 445–478. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654319850159
Parsons, S. A., Vaughn, M., Malloy, J. A., & Pierce, M. (2018). Students’ engagement in instruction. The Reading Teacher, 72(1), 89–98. https://doi.org/10.1002/trtr.1691
Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative Research & Evaluation Methods: Integrating Theory and Practice. SAGE Publications.
Pozas, M., & Letzel, V. (2020). Teachers and differentiated instruction: Exploring differentiation practices and beliefs. Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs, 20(4), 276–286. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-3802.12481
Prast, E. J., Van de Weijer-Bergsma, E., Kroesbergen, E. H., & Van Luit, J. E. H. (2018). Differentiated instruction in primary mathematics: Effects on student achievement and teachers’ instructional practices. International Journal of Educational Research, 87, 38–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2017.10.003
Pushor, D. (2015). Tracing family knowledge at school: Creating spaces for parents. Education Canada, 55(3), 14–18.
Reis, S. M., & Renzulli, J. S. (2020). The Schoolwide Enrichment Model: A focus on student strengths and interests. Gifted Education International, 36(2), 131–147. https://doi.org/10.1177/0261429420904380
Schwab, S., & Sharma, U. (2022). Inclusive pedagogy: From beliefs to practice in teacher education. Teaching and Teacher Education, 109, 103557. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2021.103557
Skinner, E. A., & Pitzer, J. R. (2016). Developmental dynamics of student engagement, coping, and everyday resilience. Development and Psychopathology, 28(4pt1), 1299–1316. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579416000874
Smale-Jacobse, A. E., Meijer, P. C., Helms-Lorenz, M., & Maulana, R. (2019). Differentiated instruction in secondary education: A systematic review of research evidence. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 2366. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02366
Stoll, L., Bolam, R., McMahon, A., Wallace, M., & Thomas, S. (2016). Professional learning communities: A review of the literature. Journal of Educational Change, 10(2), 221–258. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10833-009-9118-1
Stufflebeam, D. L., & Coryn, C. L. S. (2014). Evaluation Theory, Models, and Applications. Jossey-Bass.
Subban, P., & Round, P. (2021). Differentiated instruction: A research basis. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 46(1), 44–61. https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2021v46n1.3
Sumual, S. D. M., Rawis, J. A. M., & Lengkong, J. S. J. (2025). Kemitraan Strategis dalam Institusi Pendidikan: Integrasi Visi, Misi, dan Nilai Dasar Melalui Kerangka Balanced Scorecard. Jurnal Sosial Humaniora. https://journalcenter.org/index.php/inovasi/article/view/4029
UNESCO. (2021). Reimagining our futures together: A new social contract for education. UNESCO. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000379707
Vangrieken, K., Meredith, C., Packer, T., & Kyndt, E. (2017). Teacher communities as a context for professional development: A systematic review. Teaching and Teacher Education, 61, 47–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2016.10.001
Voelkel, R. H. (2019). The role of distributed leadership and teacher academic optimism in professional learning communities. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 47(6), 837–854. https://doi.org/10.1177/1741143218764173
Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in Society: The Development of Higher Psychological Processes. Harvard University Press.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Siti Rodiyah (Author)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.